Working on the Protect Our Coral Sea campaign I am often asked about our spokefish ‘Barry’. In Cairns all maori wrasse have become known as ‘Wally’ however there is also a ‘Rocky’ and in Airlie Beach, unfortunately ‘Elvis’ has left the building but Priscilla is slowly turning into a Prince and George and Georgina are still alive and well. There is no doubt these fish have grabbed the hearts of locals and visitors alike. The humphead or maori wrasse (or sometimes humphead maori wrasse) is the largest member of the wrasse family. At Osprey Reef, in the Coral Sea Conservation Zone, the maori wrasse are not as friendly and approachable as those at the popular Cairns dive sites. However, it is the only place I have ever had the good fortune of witnessing a spawning aggregation.
Maori wrasse start off life as females and while some will become males in later life, others spend their entire lives as females. It is these older females that are the most valuable to the species, as they are able to produce the most eggs, while it is the males that have endeared themselves to people with their bold approaches. The females are a green grey and the males a deep blue-green (see picture). Maori wrasse live for around 30 years and can be found down to 100m in depth. They have been heavily targeted as a highly prized food fish in some countries.
My affection for these animals is strong. I spent many dives in the company of ‘Elvis’, the most memorable of which was when I discovered him one morning with a fishing hook in his mouth and 15m of line trailing behind him. A boat had moored in the bay during the night and obviously been fishing the green zone under the cover of darkness. Elvis had been caught and then broken the line. He approached me that morning in wide circles with his fins down tightly on his body (a stance that reminded me of an unwell puppy’s drooping ears). As he circled me I realised that it was going to be tough to get him close enough to really help, I spent the next twenty minutes with Elvis, trimming sections of fishing line off until there was only 2m and the hook left. With the weight of the line removed, Elvis was able to spit the hook out. Free of his burden, he didn’t hang around to offer his thanks but took off as fast as he could. We didn’t see him for a few days, and then the news came across the boat radio ‘Elvis is back’. On other dives Elvis would approach silently behind me, as I swam backwards watching the divers I was guiding, I would see (one by one) their eyes open up incredibly wide, slowly turning around my mask would be filled with the sight of a blue-green mouth. If he was a human I would swear this was Elvis’ favourite joke to play, to see how close he could get before I realised he was there, and then enjoy seeing me jump. I never fed Elvis, and so encounters were always on his terms, and it always felt like a privilege to have him choose to join us for while.
Maori wrasse have been listed on the the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List since 1996, initially as Vulnerable and since 2004 as Endangered. However, these beautiful fish, while protected in Western Australia and Queensland waters (including the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park) are still legally caught in Australia’s federal waters and the Northern Territory.